Watermelon consumption decreases risk factors of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Elmira Karimi, 2023, Australia, Iran. "Watermelon consumption significantly decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP), totalcholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37369281/
Does l-citrulline supplementation and watermelon intake reduce blood pressure in middle-aged and older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ping Luo, 2025, China "l-citrulline supplementation and watermelon intake overall lowered BP in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Subgroup analysis indicates that the combined supplementation of l-citrulline and l-arginine is superior to l-citrulline or watermelon supplementation alone." https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40789388/
Impacts of amino acid supplementation on renal function and nutritional parameters in patients with renal insufficiency: bibliometric analysis and meta-analysis. Xiaoxia Liu, 2025, China. "Amino Acid administration demonstrated significant effects compared to placebo" https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40584098/
Effect of l-Arginine Supplementation on Blood Pressure in Adults: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Farideh Shiraseb, 2022, Iran. "The pooled analysis demonstrated significant decreases in SBP (WMD = -6.40 mmHg; 95% CI: -8.74, -4.05; P < 0.001) and DBP (WMD = -2.64 mmHg; 95% CI: -3.94, -1.40; P < 0.001) after l-arginine supplementation." https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34967840/
Effects of L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon consumption on longer-term and postprandial vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in adults. Ellen T H C Smeets, 2021, Netherlands. "longer-term L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon consumption may improve vascular function, suggesting a potential mechanism by which increased L-citrulline intake beneficially affects cardiovascular health outcomes in adults." https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34863321/
The effect of L-arginine supplementation on obesity-related indices: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Seyed Mohammad Mousavi, 2021, Iran. "The results of the meta-analysis displayed a significant reduction in WC following L-arginine supplementation. Subgroup analyses displayed that longer-term interventions (≥8 weeks) had a positive effect on body weight and using < 8 g/day L-arginine with longer duration (≥8 weeks) could significantly decrease BMI. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30982445/