Laura D Baker et al, 2023, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Abstract Summary
Dietary supplements are promoted for cognitive protection, but evidence is mixed. COSMOS-Mind was a large, randomized, two-by-two factorial trial testing daily cocoa extract (500 mg flavanols) and a multivitamin-mineral (MVM) supplement over three years. A total of 2262 older adults (mean age 73 years; 60% women) were enrolled, with 92% completing follow-up cognitive assessments by telephone. Cocoa extract had no effect on global cognition (mean z = 0.03; P = .28). In contrast, MVM supplementation significantly improved global cognition (mean z = 0.07; P = .007), memory, and executive function, with greater benefits among participants with cardiovascular disease.